The 21st century has brought about significant changes in the political landscape around the world. From the rise of populist movements and leaders, to the increasing polarisation and divisive nature of politics, the way in which countries are governed and how they interact with one another has undergone a profound transformation.
In this 2000 word review, we will take a closer look at the history of politics and its impact on the world in the 21st century, highlighting key points that have shaped the current political climate:
- The increasing polarisation and divisive nature of politics, both within countries and between nations. This has been evident in the rise of far-right and far-left political movements, as well as the growing divide between urban and rural areas.
- The rise of populist movements and leaders, who often prioritise nationalist and anti-immigrant rhetoric. This has been seen in the election of leaders such as Donald Trump in the United States and Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil, who have both campaigned on promises to put their countries first and take a hardline stance on immigration.
- The impact of social media and technology on politics. The internet and social media have made it easier for individuals and groups to organise and mobilise, as well as for disinformation and fake news to spread.
- The role of money in politics, with wealthy individuals and corporations having an outsized influence on political campaigns and decision-making.
- The decline of traditional political parties and the rise of independent candidates and smaller parties.
- The increasing importance of identity politics, with issues such as race, gender, and sexual orientation playing a larger role in political discourse.
- The growing role of civil society in shaping political discourse and holding governments accountable.
- The changing nature of international relations, with the rise of non-traditional actors such as NGOs and transnational corporations.
- The shifting balance of power between developed and developing nations.
- The ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and the rise of non-state actors such as ISIS.
- The ongoing refugee crisis, which has been exacerbated by civil wars and political instability in many countries.
- The changing nature of war and conflict, with the increasing use of cyber warfare and the rise of private military contractors.
- The growing threat of terrorism and extremism, both from domestic and foreign sources.
- The increasing role of China and other emerging powers in global politics.
- The ongoing tensions between the United States and Russia, including the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and allegations of election interference.
- The changing nature of the European Union, with the ongoing refugee crisis and the UK’s decision to leave the EU.
- The changing nature of the United Nations and other international organisations, with the increasing influence of non-Western countries.
- The growing importance of economic and trade issues in international relations, including the ongoing trade tensions between the United States and China.
- The increasing importance of environmental and climate change issues in global politics.
- The ongoing debate over the role of the state versus the market in shaping
economic policy. - The changing nature of political leadership, with more women and members of
marginalised groups holding positions of power.
Overall, the 21st century has been a time of significant change and upheaval in the political landscape. From the rise of populist movements and leaders, to the growing divide between urban and rural areas, to the impact of social media and technology on politics, the way in which countries are governed and how they interact with one another has undergone a profound transformation. As we continue to move forward, it will be important to closely monitor these developments and their impact